Annex 1. Abbreviations Used in Toxicology
ADI: Acceptable daily intakeALARA(P): As low as reasonably achievable (practicable)
In GBR regulations relating to worker exposure
In USA goal of risk management (USNRC regulations)
ATP: Adenosine triphosphate
BAL: British anti-Lewisite
BATNEEC: Best available technology not entailing excessive cost
In GBR regulations relating to environmental discharges
BCF: Bioconcentration factor
BEM: Biological effect monitoring
BOD: Biochemical oxygen demand
BPEO: Best practicable environmental option (GBR)
b.w.: Body weight
CLn : See LCn
COD: Chemical oxygen demand
DEn: See EDn
DNA : Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNn: See NDn
EC: Enzyme classification number oreffective concentration
ECn: Median effective concentration to n % of a population
EDI: Estimated daily intake
EDn: Median effective dose to n % of a population
EEC: Estimated exposure concentration
EED : Estimated exposure dose
EEL: Environmental exposure level
EMDI : Estimated maximum daily intake
EQO : Environmental quality objective
EQS: Environmental quality standard
ERLExtraneous Residue Limit
ETS: Environmental tobacco smoke
GAP : Good agricultural practice
GLP: Good laboratory practice
GMP: Good manufacturing practice
HSG: Health and Safety Guide (IPCS)
HQ: Hazard quotient
IC: Inhibitory concentration
IDLHC: Immediately dangerous to life or health concentration
i.m.: Intramuscular
inhl: By inhalation
i.p.: Intraperitoneal
IPD: Individual protective devices
I-TEF: International Toxicity Equivalency Factor
i.v.: Intravenous
KOC: Organic carbon partition coefficient
KOW: Octanol water partition coefficient
LCn: Median concentration lethal to n % of a test population
LDn: Median dose lethal to n% of a test population
LEL: Lowest effect level, same as LOEL
LOEL: Lowest observed effect level
LOAEL: Lowest observed adverse effect level
LTn: Median time for death of n % of a test population
LV: Limit value
MCL: Maximum contaminant level (USA - Safe Drinking Water Act)
MCLG : Maximum contaminant level goal (USA - Safe Drinking Water Act)
MAC: Maximum allowable concentration
MEL: Maximum exposure limit
MF: Modifying factor
MOE: Margin of exposure
MRL: Maximum residue limit
mRNA: Messenger ribonucleic acid
MSDS : Material safety data sheet
MTC:Maximum tolerable concentration
MTD: Maximum tolerable dose, Maximum tolerated dose MTEL: Maximum tolerable exposure level
NADP(H): Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced)
NDn : Median dose narcotic to n% of a population
NEL: No effect level, same as NOEL
NOAEL: No observed adverse effect level
NOEL: No observed effect level
OEL: Occupational exposure limit
OES: Occupational exposure standard
PEL: Permissible exposure limit
PMR: Proportionate mortality rate, ratio
p.c.: Per cutim (Latin) = Through the skin
p.o.: Per os (Latin) = By mouth
POW: Octanol water partition coefficient
PPD : Personal protective device PPE : Personal protective equipment
PTWI : Provisional tolerable weekly intake
QSAR : Quantitative structure activity relationship
RD: Rate difference
RfC : Reference concentration
RfD : Reference dose
RME : Reasonable maximum exposure (USEPA)
RNA: Ribonucleic acid
RR: Rate ratio
SAR : Structure-activity relationship
s.c.: Subcutaneous
SCE: Sister chromatid exchange
SMR : Standard mortality ratio
SNARL: Suggested no adverse response level
STEL : Short term exposure limit
t1/2: Half-life
TCDD: 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
TDI: Tolerable daily intake
TEF: Toxicity equivalency factor
TEQ: Toxicity equivalent
TLn: See LTn
TLV: Threshold limit value
TMDI : Theoretical maximum daily intake
TSEL: Tentative safe exposure level
TWA: Time-weighted average
TWAC : Time-weighted average concentration
TWAE: Time-weighted average exposure
UF: Uncertainty factor
